Wa State Aims to Boost Economy Through Chinese Projects

佤邦旨在通过中国项目提振经济(机译）

作者：伊洛瓦底江         来源：伊洛瓦底江

UWSP chairman Bao Youxiang at the annual general meeting in Panghsang. / Wa News Land

UWSP总书记鲍友祥在攀上举行的年度股东大会上。/华新闻天地

 The United Wa State Army (UWSA), Myanmar’s largest ethnic armed organization (EAO), held its six-day annual general meeting this month, adopting a nine-point plan including

缅甸最大的民族武装组织佤邦联合军（UWSA）本月举行了为期六天的年度大会，通过了9点计划，其中包括

stimulating economic growth with the Myanmar-China Economic Corridor.

通过缅中经济走廊刺激经济增长。

The UWSA controls Wa state in northern and southern Shan State and has an estimated 30,000 soldiers and a sophisticated arsenal of weapons.

佤联军控制着掸邦北部和南部的佤邦，估计有3万名士兵和先进的武器库。

The meeting in Panghsang or Pangkham, the Wa capital, also focused on political reforms, reopening the Mansai tin mine, illegal activities and increasing electricity production. Plans were also agreed to improve agriculture, education and health care, according to Wa State TV.

在佤邦首府邦康（panghang）举行的会议还集中讨论了政治改革、重新开放万赛锡矿、非法活动（本站编辑注：可能指博彩）和增加电力生产等问题。据佤邦国家电视台报道，双方还商定了改善农业、教育和医疗保健的计划。

An ethnic affairs analyst said the plans adopted at the AGM are mainly related to the Wa economy.

一位民族事务分析人士表示，年会通过的计划主要与佤族经济有关。

Beijing’s proposed “economic corridor” involves several infrastructure projects designed to boost connectivity between Myanmar and China.

北京提出的“经济走廊”包括几个基础设施项目，旨在促进缅甸和中国之间的互联互通。

China and Myanmar’s regime have stepped up cooperation to resume border trade halted by fighting in northern Shan State and kickstart stalled Chinese projects.

中国和缅甸政府加强合作，恢复因掸邦北部战事而中断的边境贸易，并启动停滞的中国项目。

In 2023, the UWSA banned mining to conserve resources but now says it will reopen the Mansai mine, which businesses had anticipated. Mining provides a major source of Wa income.

UWSA在2023年禁止采矿以保护资源，但现在表示将重新开放Mansai矿，这是企业所期望的。采矿是佤族收入的主要来源。

The analyst said the tripartite AGM of the Wa government, United Wa State Party (UWSP) and UWSA reviews the preceding year, plans for the coming year and reshuffles authority within the three branches.

这位分析人士说，佤邦政府、佤邦联合党（UWSP）和佤联军的三方年度大会审查了前一年，为来年制定了计划，并对三个分支机构的权力进行了重组。

Details of the shake-up and planned political reforms agreed at the AGM are not yet known.

在年度股东大会上商定的人事调整和计划中的政治改革细节尚不清楚。

The UWSA and its political wing, the UWSP, were established after Wa forces split from the Communist Party of Burma in 1989 and signed a ceasefire with the then military regime.

佤联军及其政治派别佤联军是在佤联军于1989年从缅甸共产党分裂并与当时的军政府签署停火协议后成立的。

Since then, the UWSA has become the country’s most powerful EAO, building its own ordnance factories. While it has maintained its ceasefire with successive regimes, the UWSA refused to sign the 2015 Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement.

从那时起，UWSA就成为了该国最强大的EAO，建立了自己的军工厂。佤联军虽然与历届政权保持停火，但拒绝签署2015年全国停火协议。（本站编辑注：佤邦认为已经与军政府签订过停火协议，该协议签订于1989年，佤邦与缅甸军政府达成和解，并自此构建了独立于缅甸联邦的政治与军事体系。）

UWSP deputy general secretary Bao Ai Kham (right), Bao Youxiang’s son, at the annual general meeting in Panghsang. / Wa News Land

UWSP副总书记鲍艾康（右），鲍有祥的儿子，在邦康的年度大会上。/华新闻天地

 Wa state is officially classified in the 2008 military-drafted constitution as the Wa Self-Administered Region, also known as “Special Region 2”. It includes Mongmao, Monglin and Mongpauk districts and Pangkham Special Township, an area covering around 1,500 square kilometers that the UWSA calls northern Wa state.

佤邦在2008年军方起草的宪法中被正式划为佤族自治区，也被称为“第二特区”。它包括蒙茅区、蒙林区、蒙堡区和庞卡姆特别乡，这片面积约1500平方公里的地区被佤联军称为佤邦北部。

During the 1990s, the UWSA expanded into Monghsat District on the Thai border in southern Shan State, with the agreement of the then junta, where around 80,000 to 100,000 Wa resettled.

上世纪90年代，佤联军在当时军政府的同意下，扩张到掸邦南部与泰国接壤的勐实地区，约有8万至10万佤族人在那里重新定居。

The district was designated as southern Wa state, known to the UWSA as Military Region 171, with around 9,000 UWSA personnel.

该地区被指定为佤邦南部，被佤联军称为171军区，佤联军约有9000名人员。

The 2008 Constitution does not recognize the area as part of the official Wa Self-Administered Region. The UWSA wants the two territories combined into a formal Wa state.

2008年宪法不承认该地区是官方佤族自治区的一部分。佤联军希望将这两个地区合并为一个正式的佤邦。(本站编辑注：佤邦的南佤区域由来——主要原因是坤沙企图抢占佤邦的地盘?。而坤沙在金三角地区大肆发展毒品种植，制毒贩毒。尤其是坤沙在金三角地区建立了强大的武装政权，并一度控制了该地区百分之八十的毒品贸易。在1993年，他公然宣告独立，成立了“掸邦共和国”，并自封总统。这些进一步加剧了多方矛盾和对抗。由此在1990年，有中国、泰国、缅甸中央政府、缅甸掸邦的支援下，佤邦军事总指挥李自如带领佤联军，经过过与坤沙集团长达七年的拉锯战，最终将坤沙毒品集团彻底覆灭，而坤沙集团的据点就是现在佤邦占领的南佤区域。）

The armed group leads the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee, which includes the Arakan Army (AA), Kachin Independence Army, Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), National Democratic Alliance Army, Shan State Progress Party and Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA).

该武装组织领导着联邦政治谈判和协商委员会，该委员会包括若开军（AA）、克钦独立军、缅甸民族民主联盟军（MNDAA）、民族民主联盟军、掸邦进步党和塔昂民族解放军（TNLA）。

There were allegations that the UWSA armed the AA, MNDAA and TNLA, collectively known as the Brotherhood Alliance, ahead of the anti-regime Operation 1027, which saw the regime losing much of northern Shan State and Rakhine State.

有人指控佤联军在反政府的1027行动之前武装了AA， MNDAA和TNLA，统称为兄弟会联盟，该行动使该政权失去了掸邦北部和若开邦的大部分地区。

UWSP vice-chair Luo Yagu held talks with junta boss Min Aung Hlaing after the 2021 coup and the UWSA declared neutrality in the conflict.

佤联军副主席罗雅古在2021年政变后与军政府领导人敏昂莱举行了会谈，佤联军宣布在冲突中保持中立。

UWSP deputy general secretary Bao Ai Kham, son of long-time UWSP chairman Bao Youxiang, said the Wa authorities aimed to achieve their 2025 objectives despite the challenges.

佤联军副秘书长、佤联军长期主席包有祥的儿子鲍艾爱康表示，尽管面临挑战，佤联军仍致力于实现2025年的目标。

Bao Youxiang, politburo members and military commanders attended the AGM, Wa News Land reported.

据佤新闻社报道，政治局委员鲍友祥和军队指挥官出席了年会。

作者：伊洛瓦底江         来源：伊洛瓦底江